Satellite altimetry was originally designed for monitoring sea surface heights in open oceans. When altimeters are applied over land areas, reflected land waveforms become relatively complex as a result of diverse land coverage such as vegetation and buildings and the accuracy of measurements degrade significantly. Therefore, waveform retracking techniques adopted to reduce the adverse effects of …

As mandated by Sarbanes-Oxley Act, firms must disclose material weaknesses in internal controls. This study extends the body of accounting research that seeks to identify the factors associated with such disclosure. Drawing upon gender research in the behavioral sciences, we argue that female audit committee members examine internal controls more critically and thoroughly than their male …

Taiwan has the highest incidence and prevalence rates of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with one out of every 650 people suffering in kidney dialysis. The National Health Insurance program needs to cover huge budgets, as NT$37 billion in each year. Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a complication of diabetes, is the most common cause of ESRD. Whereas increased urinary albumin excretion is not simply an …

Reducing the physical size of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) has been the mainstream in the semiconductor industry, enabling extraordinary improvements in the switching speed, device density, functionality and cost of microprocessors over the past few decades. Device scaling, however, inevitably leads to the short channel effects and increases the subthreshold …