I-III-VI chalcopyrite thin film solar cells were developed over more than ten years to improve the conversion efficiency and reduce the cost. CuInSe₂ (CIS) is one of the most important semiconductor materials used in thin film photovoltaic cells due to a favorable band gap and relatively high absorption coefficient. The conventional vacuum processes for CIS have many shortcomings such …

As the collapse of Moore's Law seems to be foreseeable, there is considerable interest in being able to control the spin dynamics because this could lead to the development of a range of spintronic devices that in principle are much faster and use less energy than their electronic counterparts. In order to implement successfully such concepts into, for example, quantum computing it is necessary …

Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease in women of reproductive age, and always leads to chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Surgical removal of endometriotic lesions is the gold standard of current treatment regimen; however, about 50% of patients relapse within 5 years after surgery. Therefore, it is critical to study underlying mechanisms responsible for endometriosis formation and …

GaN and III-nitride alloys have emerged as surpassingly useful materials for the fabrication of green-to-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes, ^1–3 laser diodes⁴ and high-power, high-efficiency transistor devices⁵ due to their widely tunable bandgap. Heteroepitaxial growth of GaN on Si, sapphire and/or SiC, is an important and fundamental technological challenge …