1.Introduction

Fiber lasers have been Q-switched using traditional bulk Q-switches and fiber-pigtailed ones. Sophisticated alignment techniques were necessary for reducing the coupling losses between the bulk Q-switches and the fiber cores. All-fiber Q-switched lasers with fiber-pigtailed Q-switches are of great interest because of their alignment-free characteristics and …

Growth of one-dimensional (1D) ZnO nanostructures including nanowires, nanorods, and nanobelts have attracted much attention because ZnO is a versatile material.  In this letter we reported on the formation of the heterostructures of ZnO–Zn coaxial nanocables and ZnO nanotubles.  The tubular ZnO nanostructure is demonstrated for the first time.

The heterostructures of Zn–ZnO coaxial nanocables …

With globalization and technological development, major cities in the world actively transform themselves into information and communication technology cities (ICT Cities) through master plans (i.e. Finland's Helsinki Arena 2000, Singapore's IT2000, Japan's E-Japan and Cyber Taipei). The initiative of ‘‘Cyber Taipei’’ refers to the ICT content adopted by the Taipei City government to handle …

Following the global financial trend, accounting standards in Taiwan have been gradually transformed from rules-based to principles-based. The principles-based accounting standards tend to subjectively judge the economic substance of transactions; however, the rules-based standards consider more on the appearance of transactions. The advantage of principles-based accounting standards is relevance …