Unique properties of nanostructured semiconductor materials demonstrate great potential in the applications of optoelectronics, energy devices, and chem/bio sensors.  Significant efforts have focused on fabrication techniques that are capable of providing well-defined and controllable geometries at nanometer length scales and even down to atomic-scale dimension; however, issues regarding …

There has been much effort devoted to frequency conversion technology due to the strong demand in wavelength-division-multiplexed optical networks [1,2]. A frequency converter converts an incoming optical carrier of one frequency to an outgoing optical carrier of another frequency while preserving the quality of carried data as much as possible. Several schemes have been proposed to achieve …

Death, as well as the life state of the deceased or the living, family ethics, social relation, are all full of great changes and dangers, how to pass through layers of barriers safely, and make the existing state of the deceased gradually change to be ancestors, the mourning emotion of the living can be restrained; family ethics can be reformed smoothly, those are very critical tests. …

One of the most important issues in solar physics is to investigate the energy storage and release processes. Solar flare is one phenomena that large amount of energy (up to 10³²~10³³ ergs) releases within a short time period (10²-10³ seconds). It is generally believed that the magnetic reconnection occurring in the corona is responsible for the energy release and …